Kirov region
The Kirov region (Kirovskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia, which is one of the largest in the Nonchernozem zone of the Russian Federation. The region is a part of the Privolzhsky Federal District and located in the north-east of the European part of Russia. The region borders: in the east with the Perm edge and Udmurtiya, in the north with republic Komi and the Arkhangelsk area, in the west with the Vologda, Kostroma, Nizhniy Novgorod areas, in the south with republics Mari El and Tatarstan.
Overview
- The Kirov region was established on December, 1936.
- Region territory: 120.8 thousand km2
- Population: 1413.2 thousand people.
- Administrative center: Kirov
- Distance from Kirov to Moscow: 924 km
- Urban population: 71.7%
- Number of historical and architectural monuments: over 3000
Time zone
The Kirov region is located in the Moscow Time Zone (MSK/MSD). UTC offset is +3:00 (MSK)/+4:00 (MSD).
Climate
The climate is moderately continental, the winter is long and cold and the summer is short but rather warm. The mean temperature of January is from minus 14°Ñ to minus 16°C, of July – plus 17°Ñ - plus 19°Ñ. The average annual precipitations are around 500 mm.
Natural resources
The basis of natural resource potential of area is made with a wood, furs, peat, mineral, raw, water and ground resources.
The region's main resource is wood. The Kirov region traditionally is one of leading Russian regions in sphere of the wood industry. In the Kirov area the wood covers 63 percent of territory, the general stock of wood makes more than 1 billion cubic meters. 50% of the forest resources are coniferous species.
On volumes of preparation and woodworking the area takes leading place in the Privolzhsky Federal District and enters into number of the largest manufacturers of the European part of Russia. Timber’s industry complex of the Kirov region includes the timber cutting industry (preparation and primary processing of wood); the woodworking industry (manufacture of plywood, wood-shaving and wood-fiber plates, joiner’s-building products, furniture, wooden container and another); pulp-and-paper and a forest chemical industry. All of them are technologically connected among themselves on the basis of preparation of wood raw material and its subsequent use for processing. In structure of manufacture of an industrial output of area in 2006 on a share wood, woodworking and a pulp – and - paper industry it was necessary about 11 %. The allowed annual cut is 15.7 million cubic meters.
- In the region is the Europe's largest field of nodular phosphorites (“Vyatsko-Kamskoe”) which is consist 48% of the total Russian resources of phosphorites. Balance stocks of phosphoritic ore make over 2 billion metric tons. The field contains:
- clays for making clayite
- glauconite sands containing potassium
- shale oil
Major reserves of fuel peat: 1734 fields, 1100.4 million metric tons.
Prospects of peat use:- environment safety - production of peat sorbents for neutralization and collection of oil discharges
- increase of soil fertility and harvest - production of fertilizers
- development of low-duty power stations - production of peat briquettes
- utilization of oil-products sludge
- In the Kirov region there are recourses of glass sand, sandy gravels and clays which are used in the manufacture of the following materials:
- glass mosaic tiles
- glass marble
- decorative glass grit
- foam glass, foam decor
- decorative macadam
Economy
In December, 2007 the international rating agency Moody's Investors Service has appropriated the Kirov region a rating of the emitter on the international scale in national currency at level Ba3, with the forecast of a rating – “Stable”. Simultaneously rating agency Moody's Interfax, supervising which shareholder is Moody's, has appropriated areas a rating on a national scale at level Aa3.ru. By definition of rating agency Moody's, "emitters with rating Aa.ru are characterized by very high credit status in relation to other emitters in the country". At carrying out of an estimation of region agency Moody's has noted good parameters of execution of the budget of the Kirov region, stable economic growth and a low level of debt loading. So, on analytical data Moody's Interfax, "the level of the ratings appropriated to the Kirov region is supported by the fast growth of tax incomes caused as a good economic conjuncture, and rather diversity economy and tax base of area, and also a low level of debt loading of the regional budget".
On volumes of manufacture in the lead positions in the field borrow branches: mechanical engineering and metal working; color and ferrous metallurgy, chemical; microbiological, wood, woodworking, cellulose and paper; easy, the food-processing industry. Recently intensively develops black and nonferrous metallurgy. Production of the enterprises of region is known more than in 40 countries. Main exported products are: fluoroplastics, fertilizers, tires, saw-timber, fiberboards and chipboards, plywood, wooden furniture, railway track machines, ferrous and non-ferrous metal products.
Greater prospects are connected with use of opportunities scientifically-technical potential and biotechnological manufactures. For development of this direction created the interuniversity center of collective using on the basis of the former scientifically-industrial base of scientific research institute of microbiology of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation, and also used the Omninsk’s scientific trial base. In 2007 in Kirov was begun construction of a factory on manufacture of preparations of the blood, one of the largest in the Europe.
Investment climate
- According to the estimates of Russia's leading rating agency Expert RA the Kirov region is among the moderate investment risks regions. The investment climate largely depends on:
- the legislation,
- low crime rate (as for the safety from legislative and crime risks the Kirov region firmly occupies the 5th position in the list of regions),
- political stability.
- The Government of the Kirov region provides:
- the possibility to obtain a budgetary loan;
- partial subsidization of interest on bank loan;
- budgetary appropriations for project realization;
- public investment guarantees and securities;
- tax privileges;
- preferential terms for using regional property.
- The Government of Kirov region renders assistance in:
- working out and obtaining primary licensing documents for projects;
- registration of organizations with both the registrar and tax authorities;
- reservation and allocation of land;
- renting, leasing, and acquiring real estate;
- resolving disagreements and contradictions that may emerge during the realization of projects;
- obtaining legal, auditing, and insurance support, as well as valuation services.
The basic branches and the major products
Mechanical engineering and metal working. The branch is presented by the enterprises aviation, electrotechnical, a machine-tool industry and railway mechanical engineering. The largest enterprises: Open Society “Vyatka Machine-Building Enterprise "Avitec", Open Society "Electrical Machine-Building Works "Lepse", Open Society "Novo-Vyatka", Open Society "Vyatsko-Polyanskii machine-building factory "ÌOLOT", Open Society "Kirskabel", Open Society "Kirov machine factory “1st of May", Open Society "Belokholunitsk machine-building factory", Open Society "Kirov machine-tool constructing factory". The enterprises of branch make aviation electric equipment, railway cranes, wires not isolated for transmission lines, various kinds of a cable, machine tools metal-cutting and woodworking, the equipment of continuous transport, the tool electric and measuring, the high-quality consumer goods.
The chemical and petrochemical industry. In the Kirov region are made: mineral fertilizers, hydrate of sodium, synthetic rubber, fluorine polymers, rubber and plastic products, trunks for cargo and cars, buses and agricultural machinery. Some kinds of new production annually accustom. The large enterprises are: Open Society "B.P.Konstantinov Chemical Plant (Kirovo-Chepetsk)", Open Society "Tire Complex "Amtel-Povolzhye", Open Society "Kirov (awards of Domestic war) combine of artificial leather".
Woodworking and cellulose-paper industry. The basic directions of specialization: manufacture wood-shaving and wood-fibrous plates, a parquet, skis and boards from an integral tree, finishing materials from wood, manufacture of various kinds of a technical and consumer paper, a tare cardboard. The largest enterprises: Open Society “Krasny Yakor”, Open Society “Novovjatsky Ski combine”, Open Society “Domostroitel”, Open Society KDP "New Vyatka", Open Company LPK "Poleko"; Open Society "Maysklesk", Open Society "Wood structure", Open Society "Elicon".
The food-processing industry. The largest enterprises: Open Society "Kirov meat-packing plant", Open Society "Slobodsk meat-packing plant ", Open Society "Kirov margarine factory ", Joint-stock Company "Kirov dairy combine", Open Society " Kirov confectionary-macaroni combine", Open Society "Urzhum distillery factory", Open Society "Slobodsk distillery factory", Open Society "Vyatich".
Metallurgy. The large enterprises: ferrous metallurgy - Joint-Stock Company "Omutninsk Metallurgical Works "; nonferrous metallurgy - Open Society "Kirov Non-Ferrous Metals Processing Works".
The industry of building materials. The enterprises of branch make a silicate brick and silicate blocks, ferro-concrete products and steel designs, prefabricated houses from wood, joiner's and plastic products. The largest enterprises of the industry of building materials: Open Company "House-building combine", Open Company " Trading house ZhBIK", Open Society "Silicate", Open Society "Kirovgazosilicate", Open Company "Vyatkastroidetal", Open Company "Vodopolimer", Open Company "Prime-minister", Open Society "Chimbulat Pit”.
Other branches. In the field are made tanning and fur products, products of national art crafts, toys, musical instruments, art brushes.
Agricultural lands occupy 28% of the region's territory (2 775 000 hectares).
Infrastructure
The Kirov region located between Volga and Urals Mountains - one of the largest in the European part of Russia. The branched out network automobile and railways connects it with other regions of the country and forms transit corridors in a direction of northern seaports, Siberia and the Far East. The main waterway – Vyatka river.
Highways. Extent of highways of the general using with a firm covering makes 9086 km. The area is connected by automobile highways with the next republics and areas, and also with other subjects of the Russian Federation. Construction of a site of highway the North-West - Urals Mountains is completed. The federal highway "St. Petersburg - Yekaterinburg".
Railways. Extent of railways makes 1098 km. Through the Kirov region pass the trunk-railways connecting the center of Russia with Urals Mountains, Siberia and the Far East, northern regions - with southern regions.
River transport. Extent of the navigable ways running on the Vyatka river and its inflows, makes 1.8 thousand km.
Communication. In the region is developed wide network of the telephone and mail service. By 2008 scope of the population of area by a regional television announcement will make 85 %. The telecommunication system is meeting to the international standards.
In Kirov is located a civil airport “Pobedilovo”.
- Economic infrastructure:
- 3 regional banks and 10 branches of Moscow and St.Petersburg commercial banks;
- 2 regional insurance companies;
- 36 branches of insurance companies from other regions;
- 3 major leasing companies
- The Vyatka Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
External links
http://www.ako.kirov.ru/ - Official website of the Kirov region